OCDE Head of the National Policies Division of the OECD Environment Directorate Jean Philippe Barde holds a PhD in Economics (Paris University). As Head of the National Policies Division of the OECD, he is in charge, inter alia, of the OECD work on environmental policy instruments. Dr. Barde is also lecturer at the European School of Advanced Environmental Studies (University of Pavia, Italy) and the Institut des Hautes Études en Administration Publique (Institute for High Studies in Public Administration) of Lausanne, Switzerland. He is also member of several scientific committees and of the "Commission des Comptes et de l'Économie de l'Environnement" (French Ministry of Environment). Dr. Barde has written several books and articles on environmental policy and environmental economics.